Tooth Size of the Pashtun and Tajik in Afghanistan
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概要
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We have reported previously on the descriptive features of the dentition of the Pashtun and Tajik in Afghanistan. The present work concerns an odontometric investigation on the Pashtun and Tajik. The materials used were 114 upper and lower plaster casts of 75 Pashtuns and 39 Tajiks. The materials of the Japanese used in comparative study were 91 upper and lower plaster casts. On these plaster casts mesiodistal and buccolingual crown diameters were measured, and rectangle, module, length-breadth index, reductive index and tooth-group index were calculated. As a rule, the right-side teeth were studied. The following is the summary of this research:1) From tables 1-5 and figures 1-8, it appears that the Pashtun and Tajik on an average have small tooth crowns as compared with the Japanese. Generally, the mean values become larger in the order, the Tajik, the Pashtun, the Japanese. The differences between the populations are considerably significant, and are striking in the mesiodistal crown diameter of the premolars and molars.2) The mean values of the length-breadth index (BL diameter/MD diametet×100) in the Pashtun and MD diameter Tajik were higher than those in the Japanese. That is, the Pashtun and Tajik have relatively thicker-narrower teeth than the Japanese.3) The reduction of tooth in dental arches should be analysed quantitatively. For this purpose FUJITA established an idea of the reductive index in 1950. This index is composed of the percental size of the more reduced tooth relative to the less reduced tooth. For example, the reductive index of mesiodistal crown diameter in upper incisors is MD diameter in/Md diameter in upper lateral incisor/ upper central incisor×100. Generally, the mean values of the reductive index except for the index of premolar in the Pashtun and Tajik were lower than those in the Japanese. The differences between the populations are striking in the second molars. That is, the tooth crown size of the second molars of the Pashtun and Tajik show more remarkable reduction than of the Japanese.4) The tooth-group indices express the sum of the mesiodistal diameters, buccolingual diameters, rectangles or modules of the front teeth in relation to the sum of those of the 1st and 2nd molars, similarly, those of the premolars to those of latter, and those of the front teeth to the sum of those of the premolars and molars. It seems as if the Pashtun and Tajik have relatively larger front teeth and smaller premolars than the Japanese.
- 日本人類学会の論文
日本人類学会 | 論文
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