Anthropological Studies on the Pterygoidal Process of the Sphenoidal Bone

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I. IntroductionThe present communication describes morphological characters of the pterygoidal process from three points of view;first, age change in the Japanese from fetus to senility;second, periodical differences in the Japanese from prehistoric to modern times;third, racial differences among the three races-Chinese, Aino and Japanese.The pterygoidal pröcess was studied at first by W.WALDEYER(1893), followed by O.SPOTTEL(1896), both of whom classified it with regard to its general shape in 4 types-A, B, C and D.The author of the present paper, however, added 5 new types:E, F-1, F-2, P-1 and P-2(Fig.2).Several parts of the process are observed, such as:hamulus, separating ridge("Trennungsleiste"-WALDEYER), lower edge of lateral plate, foramen pterygospinosum, transversal ridge("Querleiste"-WALDEYER);and their morphological characters are respectively reported in this paper according to definite standards.Nine measurements and firv indices about the process are also reported and some of them are those based upon the WALDEYER-SPÖTTEL's method, others, however, newly devised by the author. Materials used are 531 macerated skulls, such as:443 Japanese skulls out of different periods and different ages;43 adult Chinese and 45 adult Aino skulls of modern times.
日本人類学会の論文