Comparative studies on physiological and ecological characteristics of solanaceous fruit vegetables. (2). Effect of concentrations of nutrient solution on the water and nutrient uptake.
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Tomato (Fukuzyu No.2), eggplant (Hayabusa) and sweet pepper (Sinsakigakemidori) were grown in water culture under grasshouse condition in order to clarify the influence of concentrations of nutrient solution on their water and nutrient absorption.<BR>1. Dry weight of tomato with high <I>T/R</I> ratio was greater than that of eggplant and sweet pepper with low <I>T/R</I> ratio. Growth of plants was remarkably inhibited with high nutrient concentratian and significant differences among crops were not observed. High nutrient concentration increased nitrogen compound, starch and total carbohydrate in each crop and conversely reduced soluble sugar and insoluble nitrogen/total nitrogen ratio.<BR>2.Although the amount of water absorption/hr/dm<SUP>2</SUP> leaf area in sweet pepper was greater than in tomato and eggplant, the amount of water absorption/hr/plant in tomato was highest followed by eggplant and sweet pepper. The water absorption of plants was decreased with high nutrient concentration and marked differences among crops were not observed.<BR>3. High nutrient concentration enhanced N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn contents in each crop, and conversely decreased Ca and Mg contents, especially in Ca. Sweet pepper contained higher N and K and lower Ca concentrations compared with tomato and eggplant. The amount of mineral elements per plant corresponded with the growth of tomato, eggplant and sweet pepper, respectively.<BR>4. Sweet pepper had lower base exchange capacity than that of tomato and eggplant. Divalent Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> base exchange capacity in each crop was higher than monovalent cations where Na<SUP>+</SUP>showed the greatest followed by K<SUP>+</SUP>and NH<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>+</SUP>.
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