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Objective: Anti-retroviral drugs have been widely used for patients with HIV infection because of their excellent efficacies. However, severe side effects after administration of anti-retroviral drugs have been reported. We report a rare case of AIDS in which both lactic acidosis and Guillain-Barre-like syndrome developed after administration of anti-retroviral drugs. Case Report: A 55-year-old male was diagnosed as having AIDS in November 2000. The patient suffered from non-specific gastro-intestinal symptoms and developed lactic acidosis and Guillain-Barre-like syndrome after administration of stavudine, lamivudine, and ef avirenz for a period of one year. Acidosis was treated with intravenous administration of sodium bicarbonate, thiamine and riboflavin. Respiratory failure due to Guillain-Barre-like syndrome was treated with mechanical ventilation and administration of γ-globulin. The patient recovered after almost one year of rehabilitation and a change in anti-retroviral drugs. Conclusion: Nucleotide analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors may induce lactic acidosis in patients with HIV infection. Stavudine has been reported to induce Guilain-Barre-like syndrome in patients with HIV. Early diagnosis, termination of administration of suspected drugs, and adequate supportive treatment were important for recovery of the patient.
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