Heterosis Effects on the Immune System in a Diallel Cross with Four Inbred Strains of Mice

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A diallel cross with four inbred strains of mice (BALB/c, C57BL/6, C3H/He and A/J) was carried out to evaluate heterosis effects on 1) non-specific traits: phagocytosis of macrophage, serum complement activity of the alternative pathway; 2) specific traits: primary antibody response to SRBC, delayed type hypersensitivity to PPD and SRBC, and 3) others: serum levels of IgG, IgA, IgM and C3, thickness of skin, and weights of the thymus, spleen, liver and body. The effects were expressed as the difference between the least squares means of the inbreds and crossbreds. The following results were obtained: 1) The four inbred strains differed significantly in all immunological traits except serum C3. The differences were complementary within nonspecific immunological traits or within specific immunological traits. 2) Heterosis effect was highly significant (P<001) in complement activity (positive heterosis, heterosis ratio against whole variance: 10.5%), serum IgM level (positive, 2.9%) and thymus weight (negative, 3.5%) . In these traits, a specific strain was always included as one parent strain (complement activity, A/J; serum IgM level, except C3H/He; thymus weight, BALB/c) . Heterosis effect on antibody response (positive, 61.2%) and serum IgA level (negative, 73.6%) was always significant regardless of the inbred strains crossed. 3) The extent of heterosis for each trait was generally specific to each cross.
日本動物遺伝育種学会の論文