Air and Leaf Temperatures and Relative Humidity in a Naturally Ventilated Single-Span Greenhouse with a Fogging System for Cooling and Its Evaporative Cooling Efficiency
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概要
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Dry bulb (or air) temperature, leaf temperature of tomato plant (<I>T</I><SUB>leaf</SUB>), and relative humidity were measured under various fogging times (<I>t</I><SUB>f</SUB>) around midday in summer inside a naturally ventilated single-span experimental greenhouse with a fogging system for cooling and with side-wall and roof ventilators which remained open. Then, the evaporative cooling efficiency (η) of the greenhouse, expressed as the ratio of the difference in dry bulb temperature between the outside (<I>T</I><SUB>odb</SUB>) and the inside (<I>T</I><SUB>idb</SUB>) to the difference between <I>T</I><SUB>odb</SUB> and the outside wet bulb temperature (<I>T</I><SUB>owb</SUB>), was calculated. The fogging system was comprised of a water filter, a water reservoir, a fogging pump, a pressure regulator, and fog-generating nozzles. Fog was applied for periods between 20 and 75 s, separated by intervals of 160 s.<BR>For all <I>t</I><SUB>f</SUB>, a drop in <I>T</I><SUB>idb</SUB> increased with increasing vapor pressure deficit of the inside air (<I>VPD</I><SUB>i</SUB>) at the start of fogging. <I>T</I><SUB>idb</SUB> reached 6.0°C lower than <I>T</I><SUB>odb</SUB> by fogging. During fogging, <I>T</I><SUB>idb</SUB> was more or less the same as <I>T</I><SUB>leaf</SUB>. During the interval, however, <I>T</I><SUB>idb</SUB> increased and <I>T</I><SUB>leaf</SUB> tended to remain unchanged. The increase in <I>VPD</I><SUB>i</SUB> resulted in decreased (<I>T</I><SUB>leaf</SUB>-<I>T</I><SUB>idb</SUB>) . The η was in the range between -30% and 21% when using the average <I>T</I><SUB>idb</SUB>, and 57% and 80% when using the minimum <I>T</I><SUB>idb</SUB>. The η compares favorably with a conventional misting system.
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