On the Response Characteristics of a Sonic Wave Gauge

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This paper discusses the response characteristics of a remote sensing sonic wave gauge which measures wave height from a shipboom 7.5 meters high above the sea surface. It is operated by an echo-ranging method, using pulsed audible sound of 7 kHz at a sampling rate of 14 per second.<BR>The measurement of long-crested waves generated in a water tank by the sonic wave gauge indicates that the apparent profile of a wave is distorted so that crests look flatter and troughs sharper and that the shorter the wave length is the smaller the measured wave height is. This distortion is due to the finiteness of the cross-section of the sound beam at the sea surface which is estimated approximately to be 1 meter in diameter. The results of observations of sea waves measured by the sonic wave gauge is found to agree well with those measured by a capacitance gauge in the frequency range lower than about 0.5 Hz.
日本海洋学会の論文