A Perspective on the Rendition of Buddha-nature in Tiantai Studies
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概要
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The Da ban niepan jing _??__??__??__??__??_ is based upon a two-cause theory of buddha-nature-zhengyin _??__??_ and yuanyin _??__??_ (=liaoyin _??__??_), as acknowledged by most scholars during Tiantai Zhiyi's _??__??__??__??_ time. Whereas, Zhiyi advances the amalgamation of three aspects-zhengyin foxing _??__??__??__??_ (buddha-nature of a primary cause), liaoyin foxing _??__??__??__??_ (buddha-nature of a cause to complete one's sense), and yuanyin foxing _??__??__??__??_ (buddha-nature of a subsidiary cause)-collectively referred to as sanyin foxing _??__??__??__??_ (theory of buddha-nature in three causes). Zhiyi confers central importance to the unified theory of li _??_ (the law of nature), zhi _??_ (wisdom), and _??_ xing (training), upon which other themes such as the theory of Buddha's body, enlightenment, nature, and ascetic practices can be discussed. His buddha-dhatu theory is thoroughly covered in the Fahua xuanyi _??__??__??__??_, and is further organized, enriched, and consummated in the Weimo jing wenshu _??__??__??__??__??_. However, We must note that Zhiyi probably had no access to any annotated commentaries explaining the Niepan sutra, thus precluding any motivation to necessitate a detailed comparison with the Niehnan sutra.Zhiyi's disciple, Guanding _??__??_, would write the commentaries, Xuanyi _??__??_ and Wenju _??__??_, on the Niepan sutra after Zhiyi's death. Guanding's Neihpan xuanyi _??__??__??__??__??_, however, does not make reference to Zhiyi's three-cause buddha-nature theory. And, although much attention is laid within the introductory chapters of Guangding's Niepanshu _??__??__??__??_ upon the three-cause theory of buddha-nature in his discussion of the three virtues in embracing one's ruler, master, and parent from the standpoint of Zhiyi's three central themes, this marks the limit of its mention. Thereafter, Guanding only advocates a two-cause theory of buddha-nature. Guanding stood on the fringe between both the text of the Niepan sutra and of Zhiyi's three-cause buddha-nature theory and did not attempt to dissolve discrepancies. This may have posed a problem for Guanding, as it is also visible in his approach of seemingly continuing Zhiyi's conception of sanshen _??__??_ (three-bodies of the Buddha)in accounting for the commentaries on the Eternity chapter of the Lotus Sutra _??__??__??_, while in actuality, rendering a two-body conception of Buddha.
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