Studies on a Foal Born from a Mare Infected Naturally with Equine Infectious Anemia and Isolated after Birth I. Clinical and Hematological Observations

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• It was already demonstrated that an equine fetus was infected with equine infectious anemia (ETA) virus, which passed through the placenta of the mare. The present studies were carried out to clarify the time when transplacental infection took place and how the infection progressed in the newborn foal. A pregnant Anglo-arabian mare nine years of age was infected naturally with ETA and presented to the authors' laboratory as an experimental animal. She was diagnosed as ETA in a periodical inspection on February 16, 1973, and received by the laboratory 4 days later. She gave birth to a colt on May 9, or at 331 days of pregnancy . The newborn was isolated immediately after the birth and nursed with commercial powdered milk for light-bred foals to prevent it from double infection by contact with the mare after birth. The foal manifested the first pyrexia on the seventh day after birth. After that, he suffered from several attacks of pyrexia until he succumbed on the 99th day after birth . Althogh he was negative for the sideroleukocyte test and indistinctly positive for the gel immunodiffusion test on the day of birth, he exhibited severe symtoms of ETA, such as intense anemia, a decrease in the leukocyte count, a remarkable increase in monocytes, the appearance of avery large number of sideroleukocytes in the jugular vein and a positive gel immunodiffusion test accompanied by pyrexia. Consequently, taking the incubation period of ETA into consideration, it was conjectured that the foal might have been infected with ETA in its intrauterine life and fallen ill after birth.

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