On Two Cases of Periarticular Subchondral "Bone Cyst" in the Horse
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1) In X-ray photographs, generally spherical shadow pictures were obser ved in the spongy substance of the proximal extremity of the first phalanx of both fore limbs in Case No. 1 and in the spongy substance of the distal extremity of the third metatarsal bone and the lateral proximal sesamoid of the right hind limb in Case No. 2. They were clinically diagnosed as periarticular subchodral "bone cyst". Pathologically, these lesions were diagnosed as focal fibrosis with cyst formation. 2) Necrotic changes were occasionally observed in bone tissues in marginal parts of, and in the articular cartilages near, the lesions. The blood vessels (arteries) and nerve bundles, having a close situational relationship to parts of the bones in which there existed the lesions, showed changes. They composed of hyaline swelling and sclerosis of the intima and narrowing of the lumen in the blood vessels and partial loss of parenchyma and edema in the nerve bundles. These facts suggest that consideration should be given to focal tissue necrosis caused by the hindrance of circulation as the origin of development of periarticular subchondral "bone cyst". 3) The bilateral metacarpo-phalangeal articulations in Case No. 1 and the right metatarso-phalangeal articulation in Case No. 2 revealed such process as should pathologically rather be diagnosed as chronic arthropathy. 4) In case No. 2, the lesions showed a marked tendency to turn to osteoid metaplasia and X-ray shadows revealed a decrease in clearness with the lapse of time. These findings cause us to surmise a certain picture as the final result of periarticular subchondral "bone cyst". 5) In Case No. 2, the lesions occurred after an operation of fracture in the fracturd bone and some bone adjacent to it. This might suggest that there is some relationship between the development of periarticular subchon dral "bone cyst" and that of fracture.
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