Studies on a New Diphenylether Herbicide, HE-314:Part II. Relationship between Various Water Managements and Herbicidal Activities
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概要
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(1) When HE-314 EC was applied on flooded pots under non-seepage condition, almost all of the active ingredient remained in water layer until two to five days after the application and there was little active ingredient on the soil surface during these periods. HE-314 content in the soil surface increased gradually and reached the maximum about 8 days after application. HE-314 seems to remain in the soil surface over 40 days after application.(2) In the application of HE-314 EC on flooded condition, the active ingredient dispersed into water layer at early period showed contact herbicidal effect against leaves and stems of weeds, while that settled down gradually on the soil showed an activity as a pre-emergence herbicide. Therefore, it seems to be very important to control the water level in flooded condition for 7 days after application.(3) In the comparison of the methods of post-emergence application, the order of herbicidal activity was as follows:dropping on flood water>spraying on leaves after drainage>dropping on the soil after drainage.When HE-314 EC is sprayed on leaves and stems of weeds or applied on soil surface after drainage respectively, we can restore the herbicidal activity by flooding at an early period after the application.(4) By drainage within 3 days after application on flooded condition, the active ingredient in water might be carried away, consequently the activity, especially, the contact herbicidal one in water would be lost. While, drainage 4 or 5 days after application showed almost the same results as nondrainage check.(5) The deeper the depth of flood water was, the more active HE-314 EC was to be against such a taller grass as barnyardgrass. On the other hand, the herbicidal activity of HE-314 increased against such short weeds as broad leaf weeds under a shallow water condition. It seems to be very important to flood to cover weeds enough with water, and to make higher the concentration of the active ingredient in water as much as possible.(6) Regardless of the seepage rate, contact herbicidal effect of HE-314 in flooded condition remained constant, as far as water level was maintained at the same extent as that of application. However, after the flood water was drained off, the herbicidal activity of HE-314 decreased very much.(7) Areas of leaves and stems of weeds submerged in water, contacting period with herbicide-containing water, concentration of the active ingredient in water and the maintenace of flooded condition would be very important for the herbicidal activity of HE-314.(8) HE-314 did not cause any phytotoxicity to transplanted rice plants regardless of the depth of flood water.
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