Effects of Various Plating Conditions and Additives on Leveling Action of Copper Cyanide Baths:Studies on Bright and Leveled Copper Deposits from Cyanide Baths (Part 3)

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Since copper plating is mainly used as a base deposit for decorative platings of nickel, chrome, gold, etc., copper deposits are not only required to be brilliant, but should have a good uniform luster, which can further be brightened and leveled to the highest degree by the subsequent bright plating. However, there have been few reports on leveled copper deposits from cyanide baths and the mechanism of such leveling action has not yet been clarified. Then, the author has investigated the effects of various plating conditions and additives on leveling action of copper deposits from cyanide baths.The results were summarized as follows:1) There were little effects of concentrations of copper and free cyanide in the bath, bath temperature, stirring, and interrupted current on leveling action.2) The use of periodic reverse current exhibited excellent results.3) Leveling action was improved in some degree by the operation with extremely low current density.4) There were little effects of additives on leveling action for micro-grooves of more than 10μ in depth.
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