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With the progress of activities by the Deep Sea Drilling Project, multiple stratigraphic techniques have been developed. The application of planktonic microbiostratigraphy, by using the ranges of taxa of several different taxonomic groups in conjunction, has brought about a marked refinement in stratigraphic resolution and improvement on the accuracy of global correlation of marine sedimentary sequences. Differences in the degree of biostratigraphic resolution may have principally risen from changes in the rate of evolution and in the diversity of planktonic biota, both of which are deeply affected by paleoceanographic conditions. The need of different biostratigraphic zonal schemes for different latitudinal regions indicates the existence of floral and faunal provincialism in the geologic past. By examining the patterns of temporal fluctuation of boundaries between these biologic provinces, it is possible to reconstruct paleoceanographic history. Difficulties in the application of the standard scheme of chronostratigraphy based on stratotypes distributed mostly in the northwestern European province to other regions have worked as a basic force toward the development of biochronology based on deep-sea sequences. Future plans for the ocean drilling project promises further improvement in stratigraphic resolution and provides a better coverage of oceanic provinces toward achieving better understandings of ocean paleoenvironment.
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