A Toxin from the Tangerine Pathotype of Alternaria alternata That Has Selective Toxicity to Japanese Pear.
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概要
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An isolate of Alternaria alternata from citrus was found to be pathogenic to both Japanese pear (cv. Nijisseiki) and Emperor mandarin. The fungus produced a toxin that is highly toxic to the pear and less toxic to the original host, Emperor mandarin. The toxin was isolated and was designated ACT-toxin IIb. ACT-toxin IIb caused vein necrosis and loss of electrolytes from leaves of cv. Nijisseiki at concentrations more than 1×10-7 M. The toxin caused vein necrosis at 4×10-5 M, and increased losses of electrolytes from leaves of the citrus Emperor mandarin at 10-5 M. The toxin did not affect leaves of Japanese pear cv. Chojuro and rough lemon at 10-4 M. Electron microscopy showed that ACT-toxin IIb caused invaginations of the plasma membrane in leaf cells of susceptible Japanese pear cv. Nijisseiki, but did not show such effect on resistant pear cv. Chojuro. These results indicate that the mode of action of ACT-toxin IIb is similar to that of ACT-toxin Ib and AK-toxin (from the Japanese pear pathotype of A. alternata). ACT-toxin IIb also induced susceptibility in Japanese pear cv. Nijisseiki to a non-pathogenic isolate of A. alternata. The finding that the pathotype of A. alternata from citrus also has host-selective pathogenicity to certain Japanese pear indicates the danger of growing such susceptible pears near citrus-growing areas, and a potential problem from the introduction of the citrus pathogen into areas of Japanese pear cultivation.
- 日本植物病理学会の論文
日本植物病理学会 | 論文
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