Use of Alternate Protein and Lipid Sources in Practical Feeds for Yellowtail.
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概要
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Two feeding experiments were conducted in net cages to evaluate the availability of extruded dry pellets (EP) with both alternate protein and lipid sources to yellowtail, <I>Seriola quinqueradiata</I>. The experimental EP were formulated to contain 8% defatted soybean meal (SBM), 10-15% corn gluten meal (CGM), 10% meat meal (MM), and 0-5% blood meal in combination reducing dietary fish meal content to 30-40% (replacing 38-54% of fish meal), and contain palm oil and beef tallow (0-10%) replacing 50% of fish oil. A commercial yellowtail EP containing 65% fish meal and 15% fish oil was used as a control diet. These EP were fed to yellowtail of 172 or 144 g on average for 97 or 93 days, respectively.<BR>Palatability and acceptability were not influenced by dietary inclusion of both alternate proteins and lipids in both the experiments. Growth and feed performances were not markedly different between fish fed the control fish meal diet and those on diets with 40% fish meal, irrespective of lipid sources, but slightly reduced in fish on the diets with 30 or 35% fish meal. Blood biochemical parameters showed that fish of all the experimental groups were in good physiological condition, not affected by feeding of alternate protein and lipids. Dilution of fish oil with palm oil or beef tallow reduced dietary levels of unsaturation, resulting in reduced peroxidizability or unsaturation index of lipids in muscle and liver, and elevated accumulation of vitamin E in these tissues. These results suggested that replacement of fish oil lowered <I>in vivo</I> peroxidation in yellowtail.<BR>Thus, results of the present study have shown that both fish meal and fish oil can be substituted up to 50% with alternate proteins in combination of SBM, CGM, and MM, and lipids such as palm oil and beef tallow, respectively, in EP for yellowtail.
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