Artificially-induced valley bulging
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概要
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Studies on the phenomena of valley bulging were reported in England in the early 20th century. Although many research and technical reports have been published since then in Britain, Europe and North America, publications on the subject are relatively new in Japan. One of the authors, Nozaki, reported one of the first cases of valley anticline that followed a river channel, describ-ing its occurrence mechanism as a type of valley bulging. In Britain, it is generally believed that valley bulging is initiated by val-ley rebound, resulting largely from freezing and thawing of deep permafrost which was one of the periglacial processes in glacier periods. In other countries however, the view that valley rebound due to gravitational creep causing buckling of rocks in the cen-ter of valleys is more prevalent. The authors basically take the latter viewpoint because there is no evidence of periglacial proc-esses in Japan except on Hokkaido Island and very mountainous area of Honshu Island. Apart from explanations on the physical phenomena, it is also believed that this kind of bulging is time-dependent phenomena that progresses over durations of geologic periods with no appreciable deformation caused by artificial means. During the excavation of the Jyoshin-etsu Express Highway in Central Japan, however, bulging in the direction of the excavation site crosscutting a high ridge was observed. The authors predicted this deformation and was able to verify this phenomenon by installing enough detection equipment and control points, along with detail drilling tests in advance of or during excavation works. As a result, the authors were able to conclude that this deformation was a case of artificially-induced valley bulging.
- 公益社団法人 日本地すべり学会の論文
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