RESEARCH ON TEH IMPROVEMENT OF THE COPPER ALLOY SPRINGS (1)

概要

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It is well known that. among the copper alloys, phosphorous bronze and nickel silver are the best used for springs but their severe cold forming is fairly difficult, so that for special purposes they have been replaced with other alloys, for example, brass. However, plain brass has a few unfavorable properties for springs of high class. Therefore, the authors investigated first to improve the present brass and then to explore the other alloys being substituted for above alloys. Furthermore, the authors examined the so-called "seasoning-change" in spring properties of various copper alloys in order to illustrate the phenomenon.The results were as follows:(1) The plain 60/40 brass could be improved by adding small amount of third elements, such as Fe, Mn, Al or Sn: When any one of these elements is selected, it is better to increase its amount until the other practical processings become difficult.(2) In the field besides brass, Cu-Mn-Ni alloys displayed peculiar properties as spring with good heat-resisting one.(3) Cu-Fe alloy containing only about 4% of Fe would be enough brought to the future usage as spring material, if the suitable heat-treatment for it is taken into account throughout the manufacturing process.(4) The "seasoning-change" in copper alloy springs was observed to occur more intensely as the Zn content of alloys increases and the process was considered to be as a sort of ageing phenomena.
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