Xylosylation: The First Step in Synthesis of Proteoglycan.

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The synthesis of the characteristic chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan chains begins with the transfer of xylose from UDP-xylose to certain serine hydroxyl groups of the core protein acceptor, in a reaction catalyzed by xylosyltransferase. Several lines of evidence suggest that xylose addition may be a point of specific regulation of proteoglycan biosynthesis: the position of the reaction as the initial step in modification of the core protein; coordinate expression of core protein and xylosyltransferase; specific interaction of xylosyltransferase and galactosyltransferase I, the next enzyme in the pathway; feedback inhibition of UDP-xylose production; and necessity for traversing intracellular compartments between the synthesis of core protein and the addition of the rest of the glycosaminoglycan chain. This review focuses on the properties, behavior, and subcellular localization of xylosyltransferase and the reaction it catalyzes.
FCCA(Forum: Carbohydrates Coming of Age)の論文