Morphological Studies on the Hardwood Dissolving Pulp

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Dissolving grade sulfite pulps made from hardwood (Quercus, Shiia, Litsea, distributed in Kyushu districts) were xanthated or acetylated. Fines (O-fibers) were the most important factors influencing upon the filterability. From the behavior of the esterification, fines are thought to be classified as follows : A. extractive-rich parenchymatous cells Almost all the fines of hardwood pulp belong to this category. These cells had influence upon the filterability of viscose, and refining of pulp by surfactant improved the filterability. In acetylation, extractives did not inhibit the reaction, and these cells gave good filterability. In swelling of the fines by phosphoric acid, the membranes of the fines which had not been extracted by surfactant were partly left undissolved along the lumen-side. But after the fines had been treated by surfactant, the membranes were dissolved very well. Filterability of viscose made frome Litsea wood (containing oil cells) were very poor because of extractives, but filterability of acetate were not so poor. B. crystal-bearing parenchymatous cells Although the content of these cells were very little, these cells showed very poor filterability. By Bauer cleaner, these cells were removed. As stated above, impurities (extractives or crystals) in cell membranes give poor filterability. Long fiber fraction shows good filterability.
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