Nutrient distribution and food intake broken down by meals served at women's junior college dormitory.
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The nutrient distribution and food intake of meals served at a junior college dormitory for women during one year were studied. The subjects were 30 college students of whom 7 belonged to sports clubs. The following results were obtained.1) Recommended nutritional requirements for subjects were obtained by studying their life pattern, and compared with the actual intakes. Energy, protein, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and vitamin C intakes exceeded the requirements while calcium (Ca) requirement was barely satisfied and iron (Fe) intake slightly less than satisfactory. As for seasonal differences, there were significant differences in protein, phosphorus (P) and Fe intakes between summer and winter.2) As for nutrient intakes broken down by meals, the highest levels of intakes were observed for fats and oils, Ca, VB2 for breakfast, energy, protein, fats and oils, sugars, crude fiber, P, Fe, sodium (Na), potassium (K), VA, VB1 and VC for dinner, but none for lunch. The intake level of between-meal snacks was as low as ca. 10% except for VC.3) Common to all meals, high correlation between energy intake and various nutrients at γ>7 was observed between energy and protein/fats and oils/sugars, crude fiber and K, protein and P/VB2, and P and Fe. High correlation was observed among several nutrients for breakfast, dinner and between-meal snacks.4) As for the annual average of daily food intake per subject compared with that of the national nutrition survey of the same year, their intakes were higher for fats and oils, eggs and milk, and lower for legumes, fruits, vegetables and fishes.As for the seasonal differences in food intakes, their intakes were high for potatoes/vegetables/eggs in spring, low for fishes in summer and high for sugars/vegetables/eggs in winter.As for the seasonal differences of food intakes broken down by meals, there were significant differences observed in sugars/eggs for breakfast, fats and oils/eggs/vegetables for lunch, cereals/potatoes/eggs/vegetables for dinner, and confections for between-meal snacks.5) Distribution of food intakes by meals revealed the highest intake for sugars/fats and oils/milk/beverages for breakfast, cereals/eggs for lunch, potatoes/legumes/fishes for dinner and confections/fruits for between-meal snacks.6) Of the various foods taken, correlation at the significant level of γ>0.2 was observed between sugars and meats/milk/beverages, meats and vegetables/seasonings. Broken down by meals, positive or negative correlation at the significant level of γ>0.4 was observed between sugars and milk, fats and oils and vegetables/fruits, legumes and milk/beverages, milk and beverages for breakfast, fishes and meats for lunch, sugars and beverages/fruits/fishes/meats, milk and fruits, and fruits and beverages for dinner.
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