Thermal Properties of Epoxy Resins from Ester-Carboxylic Acid Derivatives of Mono- and Disaccharides

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Mono- and disaccharides (SAC) such as glucose (Glc), fructose (Frc) and sucrose (Suc) were dissolved in ethylene glycol and each of the obtained mixture was reacted with succinic anhydride to form a mixture of ester-carboxylic acid derivatives (SAC-polyacid, SACPA). Ethylene glycol-polyacid (EGPA) was also prepared from ethylene glycol. Each of the obtained mixtures of ester carboxylic acid derivatives was reacted with ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether in the presence of a catalytic amount of dimethylbenzylamine to form ester-epoxy resins. The molar ratios of epoxy groups to carboxylic acid groups ([EPOXY]/[ACID] ratios, mol mol-1) were varied from 0.5 to 1.3. The contents of SACPA in the mixture of SACPA and EGPA were also varied from 0 to 100%. Thermal properties of epoxy resins were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG). Glass transition temperatures (Tg's) of epoxy resins showed a maximum value of -8.1°C when [EPOXY]/[ACID] ratio was 1.0. Tg's increased with increasing SACPA contents suggesting that saccharides act as hard segments in epoxy resin networks. Thermal decomposition temperatures (Td's) of epoxy resins slightly decreased with increasing SACPA contents, while mass residue at 500°C increased with increasing SACPA contents.
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