Classification and Distribution of Antimony Deposits in China

概要

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China ranks the first in the world both for antimony production and its reserves. There are about 600 occurrences in China. Based on the occurrence mode of ore, five types are distinguished for the antimony deposits. Among them, bed-ded deposit in carbonates, bedded and vein-type deposits in clastic rocks are predominant and economically significant. Most of the carbonate host rocks belong to either Devonian, Triassic or Permian period. Geochemically, four groups can be recognized by constituent elements: Sb, Sb-Au-W, Sb-polymetallic and Hg-Sb-As groups. These are sometimes found in a same mining district and grade each other. Among these, simple Sb ore is of the greatest importance in economy.<BR>In China antimony mineralizations are concentrated in the southern part, and a metallogenic province and three antimony belts are defined in the following regions: (1) South China metallogenic province; (2) Western Yunnan-Eastern Tibet belt; (3) Qinling belt; and (4) Tianshan-Yinshan belt. Central Hunan and the zone of eastern Yunnan-western Guizhou-northern Guangxi are significant antimony producing districts which belong to the South China metallogenic province. Major antimony deposits at central Hunan took place during Mesozoic Era. The representative deposits are Xikuangshan, Wuxi and Banxi.
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