Chemical Studies on Melt Water in No. 1 Brook of Kamabuchi Experimental Forest, Yamagata Prefecture

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Chemical characteristics of meltwater were investigated in a small drainage basin (0.0306 km2) of No. 1 Brook at Kamabuchi Experimental Forest, Yamagata Prefecture. This watershed is substantially free of severe environmental pollution and is characterized by heavy snowfall in winter. Snowmelting starts at the middle of March and it continues to the end of May. The snowmelt season can be divided into three periods, judging from the flow rate of the stream. Maximum rate of flow is observed at the middle period. During the initial and middle periods, water temperature Tw (°C) is nearly independent of air temperature Ta (°C). A linear relationship is found between Tw and Ta for the final period : Tw=0.47Ta+1.8 The concentration of sodium ion in meltwater is higher for the initial period and lower for the final period. A similar situation is found for chloride ion. The relation between mineral discharge Qd and flow rate Q is expressed by the equation : Qd=aQn where a and n are constants dependent on the ion species. The equation of the transportation of sodium ion is identical with that of chloride ion for each period when Qd is expressed in gram equivalent per second. Moreover, the enrichment coefficient of sodium ion is equal to 1.0 throughout the season. This suggests that the main source of sodium and chloride ions in the stream is marionogenetic salt in the snow cover transported by seasonal wind. The total mineral discharge from the experimental basin at the season of snowmelt is estimated at 88.2 tons/km2.
日本陸水学会の論文

Chemical Studies on Melt Water in No. 1 Brook of Kamabuchi Experimental Forest, Yamagata Prefecture

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日本陸水学会 | 論文

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