Limnological studies of some lagoons in the Hokuriku district of Japan:1. Plankton and algae (Diatomaceae and Desmidiaceae) of Lake Kahoku-gata
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The plankton and algae (Diatomaceae and Desmidiaceae) of Lake Kahoku-gata were studied by the author on 23 September 1958. Lake Kahoku-gata is the largest brackish water lagoon in the Hokuriku District, lying in the area about long. 136°41' E, lat. 36°40' N and at 0.8m. above sea level. It has a superficies of 26 sq. km., 10.0 km. long, 4.2 km. in maximum breadth, with the length of shore line 26 km. Its greatest depth 4 m. is found in the northern part of the lake basin off the mouth of the Asano-gawa river.<BR>The results obtained in the survey are as follows (the number of species in paranthesis shows that of common species found in brackish water):<BR>1. In the surface water, the pH values range from 7.0 to 7.7 and the chlorinity from 0.27 to 0.65 g/l. These values show less alkaline and lower chlorinities than MASHIKO's data obtained in 1949, in which he registered the pH 8.6-8.8 and the chlorinity 1.45-8.45 g/l in the surface and 11.8-13.9 g/l in 3 m. deep.<BR>2. The plankters occurred are as many as 22 species, of which 17 are phytoplankters and the remaining 5 (4) zooplankters. Diatoms are the most common in the former, and both Pseudodiaptomus inopinus and Paracyclopina nana are the most abundant in the latter. Both of these zooplankters are the representative species in Japanese brackish waters, where they are widely distributed and are very common.<BR>3. 54 forms of diatoms and one species of desmid were found in this lake. They are classified as follows:<BR>a) 16 (6) species of plankton diatoms ; b) 30 (14) species of diatom shells found on the surface of the bottom mud ; c) 37 (17) species of diatoms and one species of desmid found on the larger aquatic plants.<BR>The frequency of occurrence of the dominant and subdominant species is shown in average precentage in Table 4. The diatom communities consist chiefly of three brackish water species, namely, Coscinodiscus lacustris, Achnanthes brevipes and Achnanthes brevipes var. intermedia.<BR>According to the ecological types of diatoms deviced for brackish water species, Coscinodiscus lacustris belongs to a "Halophil" designated by HUSTEDT (1930), and Achnanthes brevipes and A. brevipes var. intermedia to a"Mesosaprob" by KOLBE (1927) or β-Mesosaprob" by BUDDE (1931). In this respect, the writer's results obtained in Lake Kahoku-gata seems to agree with the ecological types of these species proposed by the European workers, HUSTEDT and KOLBE.
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