:9. Genetic Control of Plasma and Yolk Prealbumin-2 (Pa-2), Phosvitin, Polymorphism in the Chicken (Gallus domesticus)

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Comparative studies on horizontal polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoretograms of the plasma and yolk from laying pulletts and the plasma from cockerels revealed the presence of polymorphic proteins in prealbumin-2 (Pa-2) zone either in plasma or yolk of pullets, and lacking of them in plasma of cockerels. The injection of estradiol at 15mg/kg twice dose induced an occurrence of Pa-2 protein bands in the plasma of 17-week-old immature cockerels and pullets.Analysis of the parentage records on the phenotypes of 87 dams and 283 daughters produced by the matings of 24 sires supports the hypothesis that the three variants (A, AB and B types) in prealbumin-2 (Pa-2) zone either in plasma or yolk of laying pullets are controlled by one autosomal locus with two codominant alleles, Pa-2A and Pa-2B (Table 1). The gene frequency of Pa-2A in White Leghorn and Rhode Island Red pullets is 0.470 and 0.683, respectively.The prealbumin-2 (Pa-2) proteins is possibly phosvitins, because of showing a similar mobility reported by other researchers (McBEE and COTTERILL3), and that the same type of the variation is found in plasma and yolk obtained from every mature pullet, also found in estrogenized immature chicken plasma, and lacking of them in cockerels as shown in the present study.
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