SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF AGRICULTURE IN KANTO REGION BASED ON AGRICULTURAL LAND PRODUCTIVITY

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The purposes of this study are, first, to elucidate the meso-scale spatial pattern of agricultural land productivity in Kanto region in 1975 using the 1km2 mesh data, and second, to analyze the spatial structure of agriculture in terms of both distance and direction from the center of Tokyo. Agricultural land productivity was estimated by the number of farm household within each class of agricultural sales and the size of cultivated land. The scores of agricultural land productivity in the region (16, 088 unit cells) were classi-fied into four groups, and were mapped (Fig. 1). There are 3, 871 meshes (24, 06%) with a low score, and these are mainly villages in mountainous regions and suburban areas and its outer zones around large cities situated some 40km of the center of Tokyo (correspond-ing to paddy field areas along the major railway lines). The meshes with a medium score are 9, 571 in number (59.18%), and are generally distributed in wider range of the eastern part of Kanto region than the western one. It is scarcely possible to find medium score areas in Keihin district. There are 1, 882 (11.70%) meshes with a high score and 814 (5.06%) meshes with a very high score. Generally speaking, these meshes are more numerous in the western part of Kanto region where upland field occupies the large part of cultivated area than in the eastern one where paddy field exists predominantly. The observed concentric pattern of these areas around Keihin district would also suggest that the distribution of agricul-tural land productivity tends to be determined by the distance from the metropolitan mar-ket, in addition to physical conditions. To examine this pattern typologically and more objectively, the cross-section of agricul-tural land productivity with linear distance from the civic center of Tokyo (location of metropolitan market) to the mesh concerned, was shown in each direction. First, civic cen-ter was set to Nihonbashi in Tokyo, and the belt stretching from Nihonbashi to outer direc-tion with the width of 10km was drawn. Second, the distance from Nihonbashi to the key mesh and the scores of agricultural land productivity were assigned to the horizontal and vertical axes on the profile respectively, and each mesh included in the belt concerned was plotted on the graph. This procedure was done by turning round the belt by an angle of five degrees for 51 directions excluding 21 ones in the southeastern sector (Fig. 2). Consequently, excluding the northeastern sector in Kanto region and some directions which were undiscriminant of the fluctuant pattern of agricultural land productivity because of the presence of Tokyo Bay, it was confirmed that agricultural land productivity fluctuat-ed with distance from the civic center. Hence, 51 directions were classified into 6 types based on the configuration and number of the heaps which was drawn by the curve connecting maximum agricultural land productivity on each distance (Fig. 3). 1. Distance-decay type (A) 2. Fluctuating type I (B1) 3. Fluctuating type II (B2) 4. Fluctuating type III (B3) 5. Constant/Distance-decay type (C) 6. Gradual increase type (D) Figures 4 through 9 show a typical example in each type and Figure 10 shows the spatial distribution for all of these types. It is clear that the same types tend to adjoin spatially. Accordingly, in the light of the spatial adjacency of the same types, directions are classified into five sectors. In this way, Kanto region can be considered to be composed of them as follows: 1. Eastern sector in the Kanto plain (0°_??_50°) 2. Northeastern sector in Kanto region (50°_??_90°) 3. Northwestern sector in Kanto region (90°_??_140°) 4. Western sector in Kanto region (140°_??_155°)
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SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF AGRICULTURE IN KANTO REGION BASED ON AGRICULTURAL LAND PRODUCTIVITY

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