AN INDUSTRIAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE KEIHIN AREA

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Sixty-five percent of the industrial production of Japan comes from the three industrial areas of Keihin (Tôkyô-Yokohama), Hanshin (Ôsaka-Kôbe), and Chûkyô (Nagoya), of which the Keihin area is the greatest embracing Tôkyô, the capital and one of the greatest cities in the world, and Yokohama. Previously we have published the analyses on the distribution of the industries of Tôkyô, which is the central part of this industrial area. In this present article, however, we deal with the distribution of factories in a larger area focused on Tôkyô, and make its various characteristics clear. I) The geographical demarcation of this industrial area has not yet been clearly made. In most cases the area roughly includes Tôkyô Metropolis (Prefecture), and Kanagawa Prefecture with Yokohama and Kawasaki. We defined geographical extent of this industrial area through the results of calculating the added value for each city, town, and village in the study area, and also by taking as an index figure the proprotion of the assembly industries by added values. In the Keihin area thus defined, the factories wish more than four employees number 44, 282, which is 18 percent of the total number in Japan, and the number of employees counts 23 percent. The added value shows 28 percent of that for all Japan. II) As a result of completing the distribution map of the factories with more than 30 employees in the Keihin industrial area, and also through the study on the formation and development of this area, it has become clear that the area can be divided into two parts, that is, the "area of concentration" and the "surrounding area". The concentration area is composed of the central, eastern, northern and southern parts of Tôkyô, Yokohama, Kawasaki, and the coastal areas (Tab. 2, Fig. 1). It is difficult to mark the extent of the coastal areas. Therefore, we use this term here with reference to the production of such commodities as those having direct contact with marine transportation. By this special method of desingnation, the extent of the areas are known to be narrow and their dependency on marine transportation little. III) All kinds of industries, if based on the moderate classification, exist in Keihin, but analysis by manufactured goods shows that large factories which produce basic materials, like steel, fertilizers, oil, chemicals, etc. are not many. Most of the factories depend on the demand from great cities or the central positions in the nationwide market, and are engaged either in the miscellaneous industries producing daily consumer goods, or in the assembly industries linked with the production of durable goods suchs as television sets, automobiles, cameras, and so forth. The fact that miscellaneous industries have commission factories, and assembly industries are operated with finished goods factories, as their respective central establishments, prevents most of the factories from maintaining contact among themselves; also the irregularity of delivery of parts and their uneven supply are regarded as other hindrances. Nevertheless, these two kinds of factories are linked by their similarity, in that all of them are producing several kinds of special goods in small quantities, and this has led them to congregate in the eastern and southern parts of Tôkyô respectively and today they form some of the Keihin industrial production system. IV) The development and expansion of the Keihin industrial area have been brought about chiefly by the outward movement of the factories of those nuclear areas, which has mostly taken place because of the changes in their relationships to the whole production system within the area, or due to the growth of enterprises and the ensuing need for larger sites.
The Association of Japanese Geographersの論文

AN INDUSTRIAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE KEIHIN AREA

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概要

The Association of Japanese Geographers | 論文

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