On the Distribution and Form of Gravelbanks in Arakawa, Kanto District
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The writer studied on the gravelbanks-their distribution, their forms, etc.-along the middle course of the Arakawa. The results are as follows: 1) Many gravelbanks are crowded in the upper course 2 kilometers up from Kumagaya. This section is susceptible of breakdown of artificial banks, as we have many examples, and the weekpoint exists just below the crowded gravelbanks (Fig. 2). 2) Relation between the gravelbanks and its gradient Numbers of moving gravebanks………………y Gradient……………………………………………x As a result of the calculation, the empirical formula will be as follows: y=2. 84x+4.88 (Fig. 4) 3) Relation between gravelbanks and the "width of the river. Numbers of gravelbanks…………………………y Width of the river………………………………z The empirical formula will be as follows: y=1.52 z0.36 (Fig. 5) 4) Moving gravelbank a) Relation between the direction of the moving gravelbank head-slope and the stream (Fig. 6. 7. 8. 9.). b) Relation between the width of the moving gravelbank head-slope and the length of the back-slope (Fig. 10). 5) Partly settled gravelbanks are formed when the moving gravelbanks are prevented by the artificial bank, or the moving gravelbanks prevent their movement each other (Fig. 11. 12). 6) Settled gravelbanks are the advanced form of the partly settled gravel-banks. There can be seen weeds growing on more than half of their whole surface, among which are Equisetum arvensel, Lespedeza sericea miq, and Selaria viridis Beauv, which are characteristic of these settled gravel-banks. Once a settled gravelbank is formed, it becomes higher than the moving gravelbanks in the neigizbourhood. Streams flow along the head-slope of the settled gravelbank. There are glavels of the moving gravelbank, that may destroy the bank or the shores of the river by moving along and downward the direction of the head-slope (Fig. 13). 7) Relation between distribution and forms of the snoring gravelbanks. Forms of the moving gravelbanks become rapidly small down from K region. It is concluded, therefore, that this rapid variation is, carved by many gravelbanks been 2kmn upstream from Kumagaya, on one side, and the greater width of the river, on the other, so that the stream can not transport big gravels, because there are many gravelbanks. So there is a big difference of the gravelbank conditions between above and below the K region.
- The Association of Japanese Geographersの論文
The Association of Japanese Geographers | 論文
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