Investigation of Agrochemical Application Work in Large-scale Upland Farming of Tokachi.
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概要
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Questionnaire survey and log sheet analysis on crop protection were carried out to clarify the recent situation of agrochemical application work in the large-scale upland farming in Tokachi region.1. Seventy percent of boom sprayers were tractor mounted type. They were mainly used in diversified dairy and upland farmers and full time small-scale upland farmers. The typical tank capacity on mounted sprayer was 800 to 1, 500L and the boom width was 13 to 18m. Trailed and self-propelled sprayers were used by 30% of upland farmers with over 40ha. The capacities of the tanks of these sprayers were 3, 000 to 5, 000L with boom width 20 to 30m.2. Ninety two percent of farmers were concerned about insects and proper timing of agrochemical applications. More than half of farmers were concerned about rain and wind condition. This indicated their concern over uniformity of spraying and spray drift onto other nontarget adjoining species.3. The highest application was for potato with 4-13 times and 5-25 days of total application work. Sugar beets received the second highest application with 3-8 times and total work of 3-13 days. Those for beans were 2-9 times and 2-16 days, and 1-8 times and 3 to as long as 23 days for wheat.4. The survey results showed that about 4 days were for herbicide application in May. Peak use was in June to August with 6-8 days for application of fungicides and insecticides. One day was used for herbicide and fungicide applications on wheat during September to November. The average of total application was 28 times per year, and 34 days of operation.5. The ratio of workable days for spraying was one in four days. Despite of overlaps with other farm tasks, there were only 2 suitable days in May due to the strong wind. The ratio increased to 58-65% during June to August because of the moderate climate.6. Drift-less nozzle and air-assisted sprayer should be used in order to minimize the influence of the wind.
- 日本農作業学会の論文
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