東アジアの森林におけるエアロゾルの乾性沈着
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概要
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Recent research on aerosol dry deposition in forests in East Asia, focusing particularly on field measurements, estimations of deposition rates, and developments of measurement technique, was reviewed to contribute assessments of the impacts of aerosols on vegetation. Some measurements of aerosol deposition by the gradient method indicated that the deposition velocities were in agreement with other experimental results in North America and Europe, and were higher than those calculated by theoretical models. Higher deposition velocities were associated with larger friction velocities and unstable conditions. The deposition velocities were possibly influenced by humidity, due to the growth in size of hygroscopic aerosols and the enhancement of surface collection efficiency. Some estimations of aerosol deposition rates indicated i) high ratios of sulfate to SO2 in deposition rates in remote areas of Japan, ii) high dry deposition of elemental carbon on a tropical forest, and iii) about 10~20% year to-year variations in aerosol deposition, with a higher percentage variation in tropical areas. Regarding aerosol deposition on forest leaves, there was larger deposition in higher parts than in lower parts, and approximately 70% of total aerosol deposition onto forests probably deposit on forest leaves during the leafy season. It is indicated that the relaxed eddy accumulation method could obtain more accurate data on the fluxes of aerosol components than data obtained with the gradient method.
- 日本エアロゾル学会の論文
日本エアロゾル学会 | 論文
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