Functional Analysis of the AKR4C Subfamily of Arabidopsis thaliana: Model Structures, Substrate Specificity, Acrolein Toxicity, and Responses to Light and [CO2]

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概要

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• In Arabidopsis thaliana, the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) family includes four enzymes (The AKR4C subfamily: AKR4C8, AKR4C9, AKR4C10, and AKR4C11). AKR4C8 and AKR4C9 might detoxify sugar-derived reactive carbonyls (RCs). We analyzed AKR4C10 and AKR4C11, and compared the enzymatic functions of the four enzymes. Modeling of protein structures based on the known structure of AKR4C9 found an (α/β)8-barrel motif in all four enzymes. Loop structures (A, B, and C) which determine substrate specificity, differed among the four. Both AKR4C10 and AKR4C11 reduced methylglyoxal. AKR4C10 reduced triose phosphates, dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), and glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate (GAP), the most efficiently of all the AKR4Cs. Acrolein, a lipid-derived RC, inactivated the four enzymes to different degrees. Expression of the AKR4C genes was induced under high-[CO2] and high light, when photosynthesis was enhanced and photosynthates accumulated in the cells. These results suggest that the AKR4C subfamily contributes to the detoxification of sugar-derived RCs in plants.

著者

• SAITO Ryota

  Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry, The University of Electro-Communications

• Miyake Chikahiro

  Department Of Biological And Environmental Science Faculty Of Agriculture Graduate School Of Agricul

• Iwamoto Tatsuya

  Department Of Polymer Chemistry Kyoto University

• Yamamoto Hiroshi

  Faculty Of Engineering Tokyo Institute Of Technology

• MAKINO Amane

  Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University:CREST, JST

• SAKAMOTO Katsuhiko

  Department of Biology, Yokohama City University

• SHIMAKAWA Ginga

  Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University

• NISHI Akiko

  Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University

• AMAKO Katsumi

  Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University

• SAKAMOTO Katsuhiko

  Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University

• MAKINO Amane

  Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University

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