Effect of Single Bolus Injection of Hydrocortisone for Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence after Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation

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Backgrounds: Recent study suggested that steroid can prevent the recurrence of AF. This study evaluated the effect of single bolus injection of hydrocortisone in the prevention of recurrence after PVI. Methods: We analyzed 55 patients (43 male, 55±11 years) with paroxysmal AF who received steroid (steroid group) and 55 sex and age-matched control (44 male, 55±11 years). In the steroid group, intravenous hydrocortisone (100 mg) was given the day of the PVI. Catheter ablation technique included only PVI and cavotricuspid isthmus block. Results: The patients with immediate AF recurrence (within 3 days after the PVI) was 6 (11%) and 4 (8%) in control and steroid groups (p=0.61), respectively. There was no difference in body temperature (p=0.61) and WBC count (p=0.63) during the initial 3 days after ablation between 2 groups. Single bolus injection of hydrocortisone did not decrease AF recurrences between 4 and 30 days after ablation (7% vs 8%, p=0.89). The AF-free rate at 12 months post-ablation was not different between two groups (91% vs 90%, p=0.79 by the log-rank test). Conclusions: Low dose single bolus injection of hydrocortisone shortly after AF ablation was not effective for preventing immediate and AF recurrences during mid-term follow-up period after AF ablation.