猿島肝炎多発の原因についての研究
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概要
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The infectious hepatitis which frequently occurred at Sashima district in Ibaragi prefecture since the beginning in 1963, so-called Sashima hepatitis, is considerably different from already reported hepatitis, and shows various characteristics from the standpoints of epidemiology and clinical pathology ; to investigate the said hepatitis may greatly serve to the epidemiological study on hepatitis and the author tried to pursue the causes of multiple outbreak of Sashima hepatitis. The author studied it from various standpoints as to 330 patients who could be diagnosed in the early period of prevalence, the patients from April in 1964 till now and the healthy persons living in the same district. The results were as follows : I Epidemiological Pictures of Sashima Hepatitis (1) In the early period of prevalence, the disease was not observed among younger people, and also, after the first outbreak the age distribution was the same picture despite of persistent epidemic. (2) As to the outbreak of new patients after the early period, it was presumed that there was only the past infection and not the new infection, according to the results of liver biopsies, liver function tests and serum γ-globulin values. (3) It was pointed out that intra-family infection did not so frequently occur according to the family aggregation and the time distribution of the onset from the first patient to the second one in a family. (4) Expansion of the infected area was not recognized. According to the present results, there may be considered that a district was exposed to the infection widely at the same time and the inhabitants were infected. II Investigation on the Route and the Time of Infection Considering the above-described factors, the route of spreading through water or foods would be, of course, suggested, and it was researched. (1) The investigation on the widely employed foods in the community where patients lived, denied food borne infection. (2) The drinking water in this district was all the water from shallow wells, which might be easily contaminated. (3) The surface level of the well water clearly distinguished the infected district fromthe non-infected one. (4) The distribution of the patients in the early period was well coincident with thesystem of the underground water. (5) According to the investigation on the weather in the past period, there was foundout the chances by which the underground water would be widely contaminated by heavy rainor prolonged rains. As the conclusion derived from the present researchs, there may be naturally presumed that Sashima hepatitis is due to a temporary exposure, and according to the investigation on the contaminative route, the underground water was recognized to be contaminated, furthermore, the weather conditions which could be presumed to cause wide contaminating was also clarified. The fact that Sashima hepatitis is remaining in the district of this water system but does not spread to the other area will suggest termination of the infection, and though the suggestion that the disease will be hardly spread through other routes would be a leap in argument, any other reasonable suggestion cannot be found out in the research.
- 日本民族衛生学会の論文