運動視による奧行知覺の一實驗的研究
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概要
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<I>Problem</I>: It has been precisely and accurately written especially by Koffka that the perceived depth was the product of organisation and not to be explained by many other factors. Therefore whether a plane figure is seen as solid or not depends upon the prevailing organisation. But if we accept the proposition that our tridimensional space in its totality is the product of organisation, we can no longer be satisfied with such a vague thesis. A step farther, we must find systematically the determining factors of such a tridimensional organisation.<I>Experiments</I>: For this purpose, we used large and small light-lines as distant stimuli and exposed them in quick succession for the sake of stimulus reduction. Two light-lines (0.5cm. wide, 10cm. length; 50cm. wide, 20cm. length) were presented vertically in dark room 3m. apart from O's eyes, and the distance between these two lines was chiefly 5cm.<BR>At first I made the experiment to determine the time-relation of stimulus condition by keeping the size of objects and the distance between them constant. Then keepipg the time-relation constant, I tried to vary the size and the quality of objects. Next I attempted to vary the situation of objects. At the end of series of these experiments, I tried to vary the structure of space in which the experiment was pursued.<BR><I>Results</I>.1) The time-relation as stimulus condition, in which optimal movements were seen, consisted of long exposition-time and short interval-time.<BR>2) The relation between the stadia of apparent movements and the degree of perceived depth was not univocal, but it was sure that if any movement at all was seen, the perceived depth was decidedly clear. Therefore it can be said that the seen movement determines the perceived depth.<BR>3) But further I found that the form of movement was a more inclusive factor, therefore perceived depth was not so much determined by the movement itself as by its form.<BR>4) Even if the form of movement determines the perceived depth, it is, too, included in the factor of the structure of space in a broader sense.
- 公益社団法人 日本心理学会の論文