The reactions of dichlorotriazinyl reactive dyes with cellulose and simultaneous diffusion in cellulose.

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The diffusion coefficients and rate constants of the reactions of C. I. Reactive Yellow 4, Orange 1, and Red 1 were measured at 30 °C by means of a cylindrical cellophane film roll. The diffusion coefficients of the three hydrolyzed dyes were nearly constant at all the pH values examined. The apparent diffusion coefficients of all the active species of Orange 1 and Red 1 except Yellow 4 were gradually decreased with an increase in the pH of the dyebath; this decrease was due to the hydrolysis of the active species in the cellulose substrate. The rate constants of the reactions with cellulose were of a pseudo-first-order; <I>i.e.</I>, the second-order rate constants of reactions with cellulose were constant up to a certain pH, and thereafter they decreased with an increase in the pH of the dyebath. The pH dependence of the reactivity with cellulose was similar to that of the hydrolysis reported previously. The concentration profiles of the removed and immobilized species in cellulose dyed from a weakly alkaline dyebath agreed with the theoretical profiles of active and reacted species respectively. From a highly alkaline dyebath, those of the immobilized species agreed with the theoretical profiles of reacted species, while those of the removed ones did not agree with theoretical profiles of active species because of hydrolysis.
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