On the Action of Carriers in the Catalytic Hydrogenation of Acetylene by Palladium Catalyst

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概要

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• Aceytlene was hydrogenated by palladium deposited on such carriers as carbon black, active carbon (Merck), Japanese acid clay, French chalk, silica gel, granular active carbon, and quartz sand, and the functions of the carriers were considered for individual cases.<BR>The catalysts deposited on the first four carriers catalyzed the hydrogenation in two distinct steps at 30° in the same manner as alumina and kieselguhr, that is, hydrogenation and polymerization of acetylene proceeded in the first step and then ethylene was reduced to ethane in the second step, showing a pronounced self-retardation of acetylene. It was suggested that the kind of carriers has connection with the appearance of various “active regions” with different ratios.<BR>When the granular active carbon was used as a carrier, the hydrogenations of acetylene and ethylene proceeded not in two steps, but simultaneously. This phenomenon was explained by the slow diffusion velocity of acetylene into the inner part of the granule. Powdering the catalyst, the reflection point appeared in the hydrogenation curve and the curve was very similar to that of silica gel, suggesting a similar mechanism of the reaction.<BR>When the quartz sand was used as a carrier, the hydrogenations of the two hydrocarbons occurred at the same time. This is explained by the retardation of the adsorption rate of acetylene by the deposited polymers to such an extent as the adsorption rate becomes to be rate-determining.<BR>It was shown, therefore, that the granular active carbon and quartz sand are not to be used in practice for the selective hydrogenation of acetylene.

• 社団法人 日本化学会の論文

著者

• Tamaru Kenzi

  Department Of Chemical Industry Faculty Of Engineering Yokohama National University

• Tamaru Kenzi

  Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, the University of Tokyo

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