突発性難聴の治療

概要

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Sudden deafness (SD) is a perceptive hearing disorder of abrupt onset and unknown origin. Its cause has been attributed to such factors as circulatory disorders of the inner ear, viral infection, labyrinthine window rupture, etc.Though the therapy of SD is ideally initiated after ascertaining the etiology, it is sometimes necessary to begin treatment even when the etiology remains obscure.Although some patients are known to recover spontaneously from SD, it is important to accelerate this process by treatment.Included in the present study are 1168 patients who experienced SD from 1972 to 1988 and came to our university hospital within two weeks of its onset. In all of them, audiograms were recorded until the hearing level was stabilized.The majority were treated with vitamin B, ATP and vasodilator drugs (basic treatment). Steroids, hyperbaric oxygen (OHP) or prostaglandin E1 therapy were added for some patients.After comparing the results of steroid and OHP with those of the basic treatment, the following method was established.Patients with slight to moderate hearing loss are first treated with the basic treatment, and those with profound hearing loss are first treated with steroid for up to 3 weeks after the onset. If there is no improvement, OHP is performed, especially when hearing loss is severe.
耳鼻咽喉科臨床学会の論文