Auditory tube function during changes in pressure in the tympanic and mastoid cavities.

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Recently, reports have appeared on barotrauma of the middle and inner ears in hyperbaric and hypobaric environments as well as on basic experiments on this disorder.It is said that in many cases this disorder originates from dysfunction of the auditory tube. Therefore, studies were made of the function of the auditory tube in controlling the tympanic pressure during positive and negative pressures produced in the tympanic cavity (including the mastoid cavity) in normal human subjects and animals.1. In conscious subjects, a difference in the pressure in the tympanic and mastoid cavity caused by an outer pressure of 300mmH2O caused an escape of gas via the auditory tube.2. In anesthetized animals, pressure exchange occurred when a definite difference was produced in the pressure even without swallowing motions of either pressurization or depressurization, similar to the pressure open aspect of the auditory tube in children.3. Under N2O anesthesia, gas escape occurred when the pressure in the tympanic cavity and mastoid cavity reached approximately 300mmH2O, similar to the value for gas escape via the auditory tube in man.4. Positive pressurization seen in the tympanic cavity and mastoid cavity in sleeping man is an interesting finding which is presumed to be a natural protective mechanism.
耳鼻咽喉科臨床学会の論文