日本への適用可能性--ロードプライシング (特集混雑料金-混雑制御の新しい方向性)

概要

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In Japan, there are feasibility research and trial implementations of road pricing system. Tokyo Metropolitan Government surveyed the feasibility of road pricing system in 2001. The report revealed the cost and effectiveness of four case studies in the center of Tokyo. In addition, Metropolitan Expressway Company Limited and Hanshin Expressway Company Limited have implemented trials of road pricing system since 2001. The road pricing system is classified as environmental road pricing system because the system was introduced to improve environmental condition of the areas along the expressways. However, the results of the trials have not produced sufficient evidence for improvement of it so far.<BR>On the other hand, ETC (Electric Toll Collection system) has been used more commonly on expressways in recent years. For example, while only 0.9% of drivers used ETC in December 2001, over 50% of drivers use expressway and especially, over 60% of drivers use Metropolitan Expressway with ETC at the moment. As a result, it may improve the effectiveness of the trials.<BR>Moreover, since some countries such as Germany and US have experimented tolling system with GPS, it seems to be worthwhile considering as one of tolling systems.<BR>In addition, it is necessary to investigate road pricing system as measures for global warming which is current urgent task.