Child-adult interaction in two conversational modes:Conversational asymmetry re-examined

概要

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Linguistic behavior of a 2-year-old and of four adults in dyadic interaction were examined in two conversational modes: One where the topic was about an on-the-spot object with object-related side activities involved, and the other where the topic was not about an on-the-spot object with no side activity involved. Cross-classified tables of speaking turns were analyzed to determine how the probabilities that one's turn included certain components (response, spontaneous utterance, question, confirmation) were influenced by mode and the partner's preceding turn. It was found that in the former mode, the child was more active and made spontaneous utterances frequently, responded well to "given" questions yet poorly to "new" ones; the adult asked fewer questions and responded with shorter confirmations. In contrast, in the latter mode, the child was reserved and made fewer spontaneous utterances, responded well to "new" questions yet poorly to "given" ones; the adult actively asked both "new" and "given" questions. Thus, dynamic variations of conversational asymmetry were observed and their implications for the child's development discussed.
公益社団法人日本心理学会の論文