Risk Factors for the Prevalence of Malnutrition among Urban Children in Ghana

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概要

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• A case-control study was completed at the Princess Marie Louise Hospital in Accra, Ghana, to identify risk factors for the prevalence of underweight and severe malnutrition in urban African children. A total of 170 children, aged 8 to 36 mo, with normally nutritional status (≥80% W/A of NCHS reference), underweight (moderate malnutrition) (60-80% W/A), or severe malnutrition (<80% W/A and presence of edema, or <60% of W/A) were recruited at the clinical ward and at the public health service section of the hospital. Anthropometric measurements and physical examinations were completed, and the guardians were interviewed about their childrens health status, birth weight, child care, and household conditions. The severely malnourished children were more likely to have young mothers (p<0.05) and low weight at birth (p<0.05). The under-weight children were also observed to have low birth weight (p<0.05). The severely malnourished group showed the tendencies of less feeding frequency (p<0.01), less access to breast-feeding (p<0.01), and less support by both parents (p<0.05). Moreover, the parents of the severely malnourished children had lower educational levels and lower-income jobs, compared with those of the normal children (mothers education, p<0.001; fathers education, p<0.001; mothers occupation, p<0.05; fathers occupation, p<0.001). No significant differences in most variables existed between the normal and underweight groups. Multivariable analysis resulted in the conclusion that the Z-score of weight-for-age, birth weight, and mothers educational level were highly associated with one another. We conclude that low birth weight is one of the important risk factors for the prevalence of underweight and severe malnutrition and that the lack of a mothers education is also a risk factor for the prevalence of severe malnutrition in the urban children in Ghana.

• 財団法人 学会誌刊行センターの論文

著者

• Taniguchi Kiyosu

  Infectious Disease Surveillance Center National Institute Of Infectious Disease

• Nkrumah Francis

  Noguchi Memorial Institute For Medical Research University Of Ghana

• Yartey Juliana

  Noguchi Memorial Institute For Medical Research University Of Ghana

• RIKIMARU Toru

  Institute for International Cooperation, JICA, Tokyo

• KENNEDY David

  Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra

• NKRUMAH Francis

  Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra

• TANIGUCHI Kiyosu

  Infectious Diseases Information Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases

• YARTEY Juliana

  Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra

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• Preface

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