An experimental study on the role of the Schwann cell basal lamina in peripheral nerve regeneration.

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In the regeneration of peripheral nerves, Schwann cells guide the direction of regenerated axons. This study was designed to observe axonal regeneration under the following conditions: (1) The presence of viable Schwann cells; (2) The presence of viable Schwann cell basal lamina alone; and (3) The absence of all viable tissue components. The experimental groups were prepared as follows and the process of axonal regeneration was examined by transmission electron microscopy. (1) The sciatic nerves of rat were transected and sutured. The nerve segments were observed in the distal stump. (2) The sciatic nerves of rats were excised and grafted to lyophilized homologus nerves. (3) Similarly, the sciatic nerves were excised. Polyglycolic acid (P. G. A.) fibers were inserted in silicone tubes and grafted to the nerve gaps. The results were as follows: 1. In the distal stump which underwent transection and suture of nerve fibers, Schwann cells phagocytized degenerating myelin sheaths and cell debris and guided regenerating axons. 2. In the lyophilized homologous nerve grafts, degenerated myelin sheaths and cell debris were phagocytized by macrophages, but the Schwann cell basal lamina remained. 3. In the lyophilized homologous nerve grafts, regenerating axons grew in contact with the inner surface of the basal lamina scaffolds of the Schwann cells. 4. In the tubulization group, regenerated axons were near the P. G. A. fibers and accompanied by Schwann cells. These findings indicate that the basal lamina scaffolds of Schwann cells function as pathways for guiding the direction of regenerating axons and Schwann cells.
社団法人日本口腔外科学会の論文

An experimental study on the role of the Schwann cell basal lamina in peripheral nerve regeneration.

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