Consideration of Flexible Temporal Constraint on One-Day Shopping Travel Behavior: Daily Praying Time in Islamic Countries

概要

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This paper attempts to describe flexible temporal constraint as specific behavior on one-day shopping travel in Islamic countries, namely daily praying time constraint. In further, the paper take into account the constraint to develop a choice model of leave time from shopping place. The model is derived from minimization of three types of disutility that available during a traveler stays at shopping place and arrives at a destination place, i.e., disutility of shortage stay time at the place, disutility of lateness leave time from shopping place, and disutility of the time constraint as consequence of availability of the temporal constraint during period time of a set origin-destination trip. In order to estimate parameters values of the model, a trial and error process method based on simulation approach was applied. The model was applied to the two categories of shopping centre visitors i.e., car user and motorcycle user categories respectively. By using a goodness of fit test, the proposed model was acceptable. The parameters values show that response of the car users to start the praying activity is later than the motorcycle users. In contrary, durations of the motorcycle users to conduct the constraint activity are later or longer than the car user category. The flexible temporal constraint also can be applied to develop a departure time, trip pattern and mode choice model in further studies.