民家研究の新しい手法の提案
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Japanese houses have elevated thier eaves (Noki) with the passage of time, and the side has gradually become visible easily. The writer tried to classify the house type according to front side form, which is facing to the frontal space (Niwa) and exposed mostly.The writer surveyed the houses in autumn 1972 at Kasano, Yamamotomachi, Miyagi prefecture, one of small settlements on sand dune.From the observation on the front side form of all houses in this settlement, 16 elements of the front side form were picked up. The elements (1) to (16) are arranged left to right on the front. The surveyed hoases have some of these elements, and according to their elements, they are denoted by the column of 16 plus or minus signs (Table 1). These columns are typological basis.Tere are so many types in this way. Terefore some elements are selected for easy typifying. In Kasano, the writer selected 6 elements, and gave 18 types. The columns of 6 plus or minus signs are transformed to alphabetical denomination A to O (Fig. 4).The front side, the most open side of the houses, is sheltered by window or door. We can add the window or door materials such as Amado, Garasudo, Sasshi etc. to the elements of the front side form.Further, we can use not only actual front side form but also of the former house plan. Thus, we can compare the actual houses with the former houses recorded in the same settlement. The writer compared those of 1972 and 1970 (fig 5), and recognized that 28.5% of all houses in this settlement changed among A to O types.
- 東北地理学会の論文
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