ポリアルキレンオキシド付加型アニオン界面活性剤水溶液の物性
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Some physicochemical properties of sodium alkylpoly (oxyalkylene) sulfates, especially of the surfactants with poly (oxypropylene) group, in aqueous solutions have been studied, and the following results are obtained ; 1) the Krafft point of the surfactant containing poly (oxypropylene) group in the molecule is lower than that of the corresponding alkylpoly (oxyethylene) sulfate, 2) accordingly, the tolerance of the surfactants for calcium ions (hard water) is excellent, 3) the interfacial tensions between oil and aqueous solutions of the surfactants are markedly depressed upon the addition of CaCl<SUB>2</SUB> or MgSO<SUB>4</SUB>, 4) clouding phenomena similar to the nonionic surfactant solutions are found at relatively high concentrations of inorganic salts, 5) addition compound formation of the surfactants with some zwitterionic surfactants is observed in the hydrated solid phases below their Krafft points, and 6) the cmc values of the surfactants are lower than those of the corresponding alkylpoly (oxyethylene) sulfates. The above observations of 1) 4) originate from the low Krafft point of the surfactant with poly (oxypropylene) group. The clouding phenomena are of special interest among them, since no observation has been reported on the clouding of anionic surfactant solutions. The phenomena may be explained, when considered that the surfactants are salted-out and separated as liquid surfactant phases, because of their very low Krafft temperatures. The effects of poly (oxyalkylene) group introduced into the anionic surfactant molecules on their cmc are discussed quantitatively, employing the theory presented by Matsumoto and Tokiwa.
- 社団法人 日本油化学会の論文
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