不飽和脂肪酸の異性化に関する研究 (第1報) : 各種分離法による異性化の差異
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It is known that the unsaturated fatty acids in natural fats and oils are generally produced in cis-form. However, these acids change from cis to trans-form by physical or chemical treatments, -heat, light and various catalysts. The purpose is to study the origin and mechanism of these isomerizations.<BR>The fatty acid methyl ester of linseed oil was used as sample. The separation methods of the unsaturated fatty acid in this study were urea complex method, bromination-debromination method, hydroxamic acid method and low temperature crystallization. The isomerization degree of these esters by the above methods were compared.<BR>The result was as follows; <BR>1) Urea complex method : Methyl linolenate was concentrated up to 69% by this method, but the efficiencey of separation was not high. More than 2% of conjugated diene was yielded, it was found to be cis-trans conjugated isomer.<BR>2) Fromination-debromination method : This is an effective method for separating the methyl linolenate of high purity, estimating from iodine value. The yeild was about 22%. Even by the careful treatment, it gave about 0.6% conjugated diene which was found to be trans-trans conjugated isomer. <BR>It was also found that the trans non-conjugated isomer was formed by this method.<BR>3) Hydroxamic acid method : Methyl linolenate of high purity was obtained in 26% yield by this method. Formation of conjugated isomer was not observed, but little amount of the trans non-conjugated isomer was detected.<BR>4) Low temperature crystallization method : Although the yield of pure material was only 8.4%, this method was found to be the best, since any isomer was not formed by this treatment.<BR>Then, the most practical method will be the combination of this method with urea complex method.
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