Landslips on the ground water surface and its mechanism. I. The model experiments of slips on the ground water surface.:The model experiments of slips on the ground water surface

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It is very difficult to confirm in the way of field measurements whether landslips on the ground water surface can take place without the piping phenomenon or not, because it is difficult to predict the place where a landslip will take place and nearly impossible to set the instruments to detect the ground water surface and the slip surface in prior to the slip.Therefore, model experiments of landslips will be one of the best ways to resolve the authors' suspicion that all of landslips in homogeneous sand layers could not be explained by the piping phenomenon. The results of model experiments have proved the existence of landslips on the ground water surface with out the piping phenomenon in homogeneous sand layers, regardless of slope angle (in the range of 20°-40°) and void ratio (in the range of 0.59-0.85). The following papers "Landslips on the ground water surface and its mechanism-II&III"will report the interpretation of vane tests in model sand layers and the mechanism of the slips on the ground water surface estimated from the measured in-situ shear strengths.
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