日本人とハワイ日系人の喫煙習慣の相異およびその肺がんに及ぼす影響

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The present study was undertaken to examine possible differences in smoking habits between Japanese males in Japan and those in Hawaii, and to investigate whether the higher mortality from lung cancer in the latter group may be explained by a greater usage of cigarettes in Hawaii.Data from the NI-HON-SAN Study, an epidemiologic study on cardiovascular disease in Japanese males living in Hiroshima-Nagasaki, Honolulu, and San Francisco, ware utilized to investigate possible differences in smoking habits between Japan and Hawaii. In contrast to the Hiroshima-Nagasaki cohort, the Honolulu cohort had fewer current cigarette smokers, but included more ex-smokers (22.6% vs. 11.7%; age adjusted), more current smokers who started smoking earlier in life (e.g., 21.8% vs. 13.1% for less than 20 years of age) and more heavy smokers (e.g., 12.8% vs. 7.3% for at least 30 cigarettes a day).An expected lung cancer mortality index was calculated for each cohort. In each cohort, men who had smoked were assigned higher relative risks which were estimated from published data on the basis of cigarette consumption, age at onset of smoking, and (for ex-smokers) duration since quitting. In each cohort, the resulting risk categories were multiplied by the proportion of the population they represented and summed up to produce the index of expected lung cancer mortality.Despite the differences in smoking habits between the two cohorts, the two indices had a similar value and failed to reflect the observed difference in lung cancer mortality between Japanese men in Japan and those in Hawaii. Because of the problems in deriving adequate relative risk estimates from the literature and the absence of comparable data on inhalation and smoking habits in the distant past in Japan and Hawaii, this result should be interpreted cautiously. However, the possiblity that smoking is a stronger risk factor in Hawaii than in Japan or that there might be some other lung cancer risk factor in the two locations cannot be ruled out.
日本衛生学会の論文

日本人とハワイ日系人の喫煙習慣の相異およびその肺がんに及ぼす影響

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