シベリア北部の農業開発--ヤクート自治共和国の場合
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概要
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In this research, the author has investigated the present situation of Yakutskaya agriculture, as a case of agricultural exploitation in Northern Siberia, and has obtained following results.In the present agriculture of Yakutskaya ASSR, animal-husbandry is the most important, because the climate in this area is unfavorable for crop farming (the length of the frost-free period is too short for crop growing) and there-to Yakutskaya agriculture is characterized by lower yield of crop production than average yield of crop in USSR per ha, the low level of mechanization (especially, the mechanization of animal-husbandry), the shortage of workers for agriculture, the dispersion of cultivated land in the vast area of kolkhoz, and so on.In such situations, crop production of Yakutskaya ASSR is flat and food supply in this area relies on other areas.The agricultural development plan as one part of Yakutskaya economic development plan has been made on the basis of economic development plan for Eastern Siberia. According to the plan, in the coming 7 years agricultural output in Yakytskaya ASSR is expected to be several times more than in 1958. But still the important part of agricultural production is not in grain production, but in livestock products, potatoes and vegetable products.Consequently, grain will still be transported from other areas to Yakutskaya ASSR, and Yakutskaya agriculture will not be able to give sufficient supply for its population.Crop farming and animal-husbandry, both of which need much labour, prevail in Yakutskaya agriculture. But even in recent years this area is in want of both labour force and agricultural machines, and its labour productivity is low and the cost of agricultural products is high. In order to raise labour productivity and reduce the cost of agricultural products, it is necessary to promote mechanization, to carry out rational plans of cultivation, rapidly to expand forage reserve, to abolish the dispersion of cultivated land and farm and so on.Therefore, for further agricultural development in Yakutskaya ASSR the following measures must be taken: sufficiently to supply agricultultural machines, to increase agricultural labour force and to invest large funds for measures of raising the labour productivity.
- 人文地理学会の論文