京都市北区住民の時空間内の行動パターン

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The purpose of this paper is to classify the typical patterns of daily behaviour of residents within space-time and to consider the relationships between the patterns of space-time use and individual characteristics of the residents. Classification of daily behaviour has been tried in terms of 2-dimensions of either purpose and area or purpose and time. Here I try to classify them considering all 3-dimensions of purpose, time, and area based on the distance matrix indicating the dissimilarity among the patterns of space-time path of each resident.First, the 3-dimensional matrix of the individual daily behaviour in a time-space dimension involving 5-purposes, 48-times and 17-areas categories is prepared from the person-trip data of the Keihanshin Metropolitan Area in 1990. Then the patterns of daily behaviour are cluster-analyzed by the ward method.The results of cluster analysis are presented in Fig. 2. In this process of clustering, the most effective factor is existence of a trip and a trip-purpose. The factors of the length of staying at a destination, the multiple-trip and the place of a destination have an influence on the process in turn.For example, about 40 percent of residents make no trip (CL1) or a private-purpose path (CL2 and CL3), about 17 percent make school-purpose paths, and the others make work-purpose paths. Residents belonging to CL1 are mainly housekeepers or unemployed. Residents of CL2 are also housekeepers, and they have only one private-trip within their own district in a day. CL3, making a very-long private trip at night, includes many college students in Kita-ward. Regarding workers, their paths are classified by their work places respectively (e. g. CL5, CL6, CL7, Nakagyo-workers cluster, CL10, CL11 and CL13). Further, the cluster of workers in Nakagyo-ward is devided into two clusters by a multiple-trip; CL8 making the HWH-path and CL9 making the HWBH-path.In fact, space-time paths of each cluster are represented in that way is different from each other. Fig. 3 shows typical behaviour patterns of each clusters. The main features of these patterns are as follows: Type CL6 presents the space-time of the employees working in Kita-ward and Kamigyo-ward who go to work at 7:30 and start working at 8:00 and enjoy private activities (i. e., eating lunch) at about 12:00 to 13:00. After that, they return to their business work and work till 17:00. The average of their commuting time is very short (about 30min.). The all workers- cluster contains HWH path and sometimes private D trip. For example, the path of Type CL6 is summarized as HwdBndHbnh. Type CL13 is the pattern of the workers in Osaka City, taking about one hour to commute. Because of their long commuting time their paths contain 94% of HWH path. Students less than 18 years old are classified into type CL4. They go to school at 7:30, and most of them go home by 16:00. Their typical path is represented as HSHdh. The pattern of college students, is described as HsdnHdh (CL3). They go to school at 10:00 and go home at 14:00, then they enjoy private activities till 22:00. Type CL2 shows the patterns of the housekeepers, who go shopping from 10:00 to 16:00-17:00.These results lead to the conclusion that behabioural patterns can be inductively classified by the similarity of time-space paths, depending on individual characteristics of residents and their trip-characteristics.
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京都市北区住民の時空間内の行動パターン

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